State Constitutions
Each state has its own constitution that establishes the structure of state government and protects individual rights. Click or tap on any state to explore its constitutional framework.
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Click or tap on any state on the map below to view its constitution, history, and key provisions.
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All 50 states have written constitutions that must comply with the U.S. Constitution's Supremacy Clause.
Browse All States Alphabetically
Alabama
AL
Constitution
1901
Capital: Montgomery
Admitted: December 14, 1819
Alaska
AK
Constitution
1956
Capital: Juneau
Admitted: January 3, 1959
Arizona
AZ
Constitution
1912
Capital: Phoenix
Admitted: February 14, 1912
Arkansas
AR
Constitution
1874
Capital: Little Rock
Admitted: June 15, 1836
California
CA
Constitution
1879
Capital: Sacramento
Admitted: September 9, 1850
Colorado
CO
Constitution
1876
Capital: Denver
Admitted: August 1, 1876
Connecticut
CT
Constitution
1965
Capital: Hartford
Admitted: January 9, 1788
Delaware
DE
Constitution
1897
Capital: Dover
Admitted: December 7, 1787
Florida
FL
Constitution
1968
Capital: Tallahassee
Admitted: March 3, 1845
Georgia
GA
Constitution
1983
Capital: Atlanta
Admitted: January 2, 1788
Hawaii
HI
Constitution
1959
Capital: Honolulu
Admitted: August 21, 1959
Idaho
ID
Constitution
1890
Capital: Boise
Admitted: July 3, 1890
Illinois
IL
Constitution
1970
Capital: Springfield
Admitted: December 3, 1818
Indiana
IN
Constitution
1851
Capital: Indianapolis
Admitted: December 11, 1816
Iowa
IA
Constitution
1857
Capital: Des Moines
Admitted: December 28, 1846
Kansas
KS
Constitution
1859
Capital: Topeka
Admitted: January 29, 1861
Kentucky
KY
Constitution
1891
Capital: Frankfort
Admitted: June 1, 1792
Louisiana
LA
Constitution
1974
Capital: Baton Rouge
Admitted: April 30, 1812
Maine
ME
Constitution
1820
Capital: Augusta
Admitted: March 15, 1820
Maryland
MD
Constitution
1867
Capital: Annapolis
Admitted: April 28, 1788
Massachusetts
MA
Constitution
1780
Capital: Boston
Admitted: February 6, 1788
Michigan
MI
Constitution
1963
Capital: Lansing
Admitted: January 26, 1837
Minnesota
MN
Constitution
1857
Capital: Saint Paul
Admitted: May 11, 1858
Mississippi
MS
Constitution
1890
Capital: Jackson
Admitted: December 10, 1817
Missouri
MO
Constitution
1945
Capital: Jefferson City
Admitted: August 10, 1821
Montana
MT
Constitution
1972
Capital: Helena
Admitted: November 8, 1889
Nebraska
NE
Constitution
1875
Capital: Lincoln
Admitted: March 1, 1867
Nevada
NV
Constitution
1864
Capital: Carson City
Admitted: October 31, 1864
New Hampshire
NH
Constitution
1784
Capital: Concord
Admitted: June 21, 1788
New Jersey
NJ
Constitution
1947
Capital: Trenton
Admitted: December 18, 1787
New Mexico
NM
Constitution
1912
Capital: Santa Fe
Admitted: January 6, 1912
New York
NY
Constitution
1894
Capital: Albany
Admitted: July 26, 1788
North Carolina
NC
Constitution
1971
Capital: Raleigh
Admitted: November 21, 1789
North Dakota
ND
Constitution
1889
Capital: Bismarck
Admitted: November 2, 1889
Ohio
OH
Constitution
1851
Capital: Columbus
Admitted: March 1, 1803
Oklahoma
OK
Constitution
1907
Capital: Oklahoma City
Admitted: November 16, 1907
Oregon
OR
Constitution
1859
Capital: Salem
Admitted: February 14, 1859
Pennsylvania
PA
Constitution
1968
Capital: Harrisburg
Admitted: December 12, 1787
Rhode Island
RI
Constitution
1843
Capital: Providence
Admitted: May 29, 1790
South Carolina
SC
Constitution
1895
Capital: Columbia
Admitted: May 23, 1788
South Dakota
SD
Constitution
1889
Capital: Pierre
Admitted: November 2, 1889
Tennessee
TN
Constitution
1870
Capital: Nashville
Admitted: June 1, 1796
Texas
TX
Constitution
1876
Capital: Austin
Admitted: December 29, 1845
Utah
UT
Constitution
1896
Capital: Salt Lake City
Admitted: January 4, 1896
Vermont
VT
Constitution
1793
Capital: Montpelier
Admitted: March 4, 1791
Virginia
VA
Constitution
1971
Capital: Richmond
Admitted: June 25, 1788
Washington
WA
Constitution
1889
Capital: Olympia
Admitted: November 11, 1889
West Virginia
WV
Constitution
1872
Capital: Charleston
Admitted: June 20, 1863
Wisconsin
WI
Constitution
1848
Capital: Madison
Admitted: May 29, 1848
Wyoming
WY
Constitution
1890
Capital: Cheyenne
Admitted: July 10, 1890
About State Constitutions
What Are State Constitutions?
State constitutions are the fundamental governing documents for each U.S. state. They establish the structure of state government, define powers and duties of government branches, and protect individual rights. State constitutions often provide more detailed protections than the U.S. Constitution.
Relationship to Federal Constitution
Under the Supremacy Clause (Article VI), the U.S. Constitution is the "supreme law of the land." State constitutions cannot conflict with federal law, but they can provide additional rights and protections beyond those in the federal Constitution. States serve as "laboratories of democracy," experimenting with different approaches to governance and individual rights.
Key Facts
- Massachusetts has the oldest state constitution still in use (1780)
- Louisiana is the only state with a civil law system (based on French/Spanish law)
- Some state constitutions are much longer and more detailed than the U.S. Constitution
- State constitutions are generally easier to amend than the federal Constitution
- Every state except Nebraska has a bicameral legislature (two chambers)
📚 Constitutional Text Resource
For access to the full, current text of all 50 state constitutions, we recommend visiting 50 Constitutions, maintained by the State Democracy Research Initiative at the University of Wisconsin Law School. This comprehensive database provides searchable constitutional texts and detailed historical information.
Visit 50constitutions.org →